Tunnel-kiln combustion-chamber



i P. DH. DRESSLER. l IUNNEL KILN COMBUSTION CHAMBER.

ADPLICATION FILED MAY 28. 1919.

Patented Feb. 10, 1920.

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- INVENTOR ATTORNEY P. DH. DRESSLER. lTUNNEL KILN coMUsTloN CHAMBER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28. 1919; l lwszt, l

- [Patented 1mb. 10,1920.-

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PHILIP DH. DREssLER, or zANnsvILLE, OHIO, AssIefNoR 'ro AMERICAN DREssLER TUNNEL KILNs, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,v A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TUNNEL-KILN COMBUSTION-CHAIVIB'ER.

Patented Feb. 10, 1920.

Application led May 28, 1919. Serial No. 300,444.

'ler continuous tunnel kilns and the object of my invention is to provide a combustion chamber of this Atype having improved heat transferring properties.

The .various features vof novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specication. For a better understanding` of the inven- `tion, however, and the advantages possessed by it reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of my invention.

Of the drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan of a kiln. Fig. 2 is an elevation in section on the -line 1 1 of Fig. 2.

'Fig 6 is a plan view of the combustion chamber portion shown in Fig. 3.

In the drawings I have shown my invention embodied in a continuous tunnel kiln of the general character shown in Patent No. 1,170,428 granted February 1, 1916, to Conrad Dressler. In this type of kiln as shown in the drawings, the kiln chamber A proper is formed with a refractory wall B the upper portion of which is in the form of an arch. Benches Bx are formed at the base of the arch .at Opposite sides of the path for the goods carrying cars which run on track rails C. C The kiln is heated by burning gaseous fuel in combustion chambers D mounted on the benches B1. The

combustion chambers extend the major portion of the horizontally 'elongated kiln andat their outlet ends are connected to heat radiating pipes F o rdinarily formed of iron which convey the partially cooled products of 'combustion tothe end of the kiln chamber at which the entrance Al for the goods carrying cars is provided. Fuel is supplied to the combustion chambers at the ends of the latter adjacent the outlet A2 forA the goods carrying cars. As shown pipes II extend from the outlet end of the kiln chamber tothe adjacent ends of the combustion chambers- D. The pipes H which are mountedl on the benches B1 form conduits for a cooling fluid. This cooling fluid may be the air for supporting combustion in the combustion chambers which is thus pre- ,heated by its passage through pipes H.

Thewalls of the combustion chambers D are formed of cellular bodies of refractory v material of the general character of hollow tile. As shown the wall for each combustion chamber is formed of bottom sections E, outer vertically disposed sections El, inner vertically disposed sections E3 and E3", and' top sections E? and E2". vAs shown vthe sections E, E1, E2, E2, E20 and E2 are all alike in that each is formed with three` longitudinal air channels e. With this arrangement there is a continuous circulation of the air or other gaseous atmos-v phere of the kiln chamber, upward through the channels c in the vertically disposed sections El, E3 and E3". In its passage through the channels c, the air takes up -heat from the combustion chambers. issuing from the channels e in sections E2 and E20 at the top of the kiln chamber A passes down through the central portion of the kiln chamber in contact with the goods to which it gives up some of its heat. The air, thus partiallvcooled, again enters the channels c of the bottom sections E of the combustion chamber walls, the circulation thus being continuous. In so far as above described the structure illustrated does not differ from the coivistruction heretofore made in general accordance with the disclosure of said prior Patent 1,170,428.

The circulation of air 'through the channels c of the wall of the combustion chambers D has been found to be a very valuable feature in the kilns in which this type of The. heated. air j combustion chamber is employed, as ittendsV to equalize temperature conditions at the top and bottom of the kiln chamber, A- and avoids a local overheating ofthe goodswhichl would be aptto occur if the goods were directly exposed to radiation from the most vhighly heated portions of ther combustion chamber walls.

I have discovered however i that the heat distribution in a kiln of this general type may be materially improved in some' cases by providing openings in the outer, walls of the channels e of some of the wall sections of 'the combustion chamber.

Thus as shown I form a series of openings or windows 610 rin the outer walls of the channel c of the sections Eslof the combustion chamber walls, said series extending practically from'one' end to the other of each'- section E3. formed in theftop walls ofthe channels e of Windows are similarly the-sections E2. `Windows @1 are formed in the lower portions-of the outer walls of the channels e. in the sections E3". No windows are formed in the sections E, El, and E20.

^s shown. the sectionsl E2 and E3 are e1ned to form theportion of the combustion chambers D adjacent the outlet ends of the latter between the transverse planes indicated y.by thelines 10e-10 and 20`20- The sections-E20 and-.E30 form the tops and. v .inner sides of thevcombust'ion chambers lbetween theplane indicated by the .lines 20--207 and' the Vinlet ends 'of the combustion chambers. A The effect of providing windows el in the lower` portion-of the sectionfEOis to'increase'the temperature atk the bottom.

i of the kilns slightly in thehigh ltemperature zone :off the Y kiln which ,otheri'visel Vhas a tendency to 'be slightly hotter 'at the top than vth'efbottom. The purpose ofl4pro- A-vding ,windowsfc'w all along the in'ner sides its and top 'portions ofl the Vcombustion chain?v ber; wallsf'adja'ceiit the outlet ends ,of the' lcombustion.chambers is primarily'` to in.-

cre'a'se the -heat transfer from the combusv tionfchambersto the goods. in' this portion of ,th'e'kilr'i therebyincreasing the effectiveness o f the kiln by` takingv more of the heat away from the products .of combustion .be- .fore the 'latter pass into the 4pipes F. The provision ofthe windows @1 and the vheat radiation which takesplace through'them does not prevent tliechannels ein the walls of which the windows are formed, from performing their -intended function of providing ann-effective convection current flow-- of lairaipward past thecoinbustion chambers .and downward. through the space traversed bythe goods nor do these windows deprive theV combustion chamber walls in which they are formed from having the heat resisting properties arising from the fact that the walls of thechannelse adjacent the combustion chambers proper may soften vvfithoutv the deformation4 of the walls sec-` tion' since the shape of the .latterr is prex7 seri/fed by the .cooler unso-ftenedvvou'ter portions-of the walls of the channels-e.

While in accordance .with the provisions.

of the [statutes I have'illustrated and described the best formofmy invention nowj` nge it will be apparent to those known to skilledfin th art that Achanges may .be made in the Aform of theapparatus disclosed withff out departing from the spirit of my' invention as set forth inthe appended claims and that certain features of-.my invention may sometimes be used to advantage with# out a corresponding use ofother. features. Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is:

1. As a new article of manufacture a coinbustion chamber wall section having an air circulating passage lying between its inner and outer wall surfaces and open at'its ends and a window openingfrom said passage to the. outer wall surface of the section.

2.A As a new article of manufacture, a combustion chamber wall section having open ended air circulating passages lying between and parallel to its inner and outer wall survthrough said windows.

` ll.y In a 'tunnel kiln comprising a kiln chamber and an elongated combustion chamber therein at the sides of a goods receiving space in said kiln chamber said combustion .chamber being formed with Walls having air circulating passages therein open to the kiln chamber proper at vlevels adjacent the,

topv and bottom of said chamber, the improvement which consists in windows formed in the outer walls of said channels and facing the goods receiving space.A

5.3 In atunnel kiln comprising a kiln chamber and an elongated combustion charn-` ber therein at the sides of a'goods receiving space insaid kiln chambersad combustion chamber being formed with walls having air circulating. passagestherein open to the kiln chamber proper at levels adjacent the top and bottom of said chamber, Athe improvement which consists in windows formed in the outer walls of said channels and facing theuadjacent portion of the kiln chamber wa lcomprising" kiln` 6.v In a tunnel kiln comprising', a kiln chamber and an elon ated combustion chamber therein at the si es of a goods rece1v1ng spacein said kiln `chamber said combustion chamber being formed with Walls havlng air circulating passages thereln open to the.

kiln chamber proper. at levels adjacent the I top' and bottom of said chamber,the im'-,

provement Whichl consists in Windows formed in the outer Walls-of .said channels.

and facing the llower portion of the goods i receiving space along'a relatively high temperature portion of the combustion chamber and facing the goods receiving space and a I of Muskingum and State of Ohio this 19th '.dayof May, A.'D.A1919 'PHILIP DRESSLER. 

